Analysis Of George Orwell s 1984 - 1907 Words

George Orwell’s 1984 depicts a society in which all the people involved are gradually losing all sense of individuality. The novel follows Winston Smith, a member of the outer Party in Oceania. As an individual, he has been forced to believe the rules of the society he lives in. In Oceania, the country in which he resides, people believe what they are told to believe. The citizens follows the strict beliefs of the Party and Big Brother, both of which represent the government. A large amount of the manipulation involved with this society is focused on Big Brother. Big Brother specifically represents a supreme power that, at points in 1984, is compared to God. Big Brother, is not a physical person, but instead a concept used to manipulate the citizens of Oceania. The members in this society recognize that to rebel against their government was to become a traitor and would ultimately lead to their death. The Party continuously instills fear in the general public, trapping them in a mindset that they are incapable of fighting against. All thoughts were controlled, and all actions censored. A simple accusation could lead to unspeakable amounts of pain and suffering. The constant fear of death plagued the minds of people, and messages of hate and false victory led to faith in a deceitful government. Throughout 1984, Orwell shows a nightmarish society in which even a simple thought could quickly become a crime. Orwell’s 1984 masterfully demonstrates that a corrupt society couldShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984848 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis In the George Orwell’s novel 1984, much of the society is watched and have no privacy of any kind. Every person in the Party is under surveillance. In effect, these people cannot live freely and independently, but it seems to be an impossible task because of of the Party surveillance, and how they limit thinking and manipulate reality. We can similarly see these concerns and their effects in today s society and the ways the novel also acts as a warning for the future. In 1984 a manRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841423 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Party has many strategies and tactics that help them have complete control of the people of Oceania. The control the Party has maintained gives them the ability to manipulate people as a result. The Party takes away the people’s freedom to have a say in their government and become their own person. They use their power to an extreme against the people rather than to help the people. The Party takes advantage of every opportunity to instill fear in the citizensRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"1984† is a story which takes place in what was then the future of England. The book illustrates a dystopian society in which a government figure named â€Å"Big Brother† rules above all. The country is surrounded by eyes so to speak, devices called â€Å"telescreens† are in houses and buildings to monitor wha t all of the citizens are doing via camera. Coupled with that is the existence of the â€Å"Thought Police† whose sole job is to monitor citizens from committing â€Å"thoughtcrime† which is essentially thinkingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 923 Words   |  4 Pages1984, is a book written by George Orwell giving the reader a view of what a dystopian government would be like. The government of Oceania controls the lives of it’s citizens; posters of a figure known as â€Å"Big Brother† are seen all over and emphasize that he is always watching it’s citizens. The government enforces rules and regulations amongst it’s citizens, restricting them from giving their own opinion or even opposing the government. Thoughtcrime, face crime, and double think are all strictlyRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841450 Words   |  6 PagesThose familiar with George Orwell’s â€Å"1984† will recall that â€Å"Newspeak was de signed not to extend but to diminish the range of thought.† I recently felt the weight of this Orwellian ethos when many of my students sent emails to inform me, and perhaps warn me, that my name appears on the Professor Watchlist, a new website created by a conservative youth group known as Turning Point USA. I could sense the gravity in those email messages, a sense of relaying what is to come. The Professor Watchlist’sRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841377 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious types of governments, such include democracy, oligarchy, and more specifically, totalitarian. A totalitarian government gains extensive amounts of control and power over all of their people, and dominate over every aspect of their lives. George Orwell’s â€Å"1984,† conveys to its readers how the government presented totalitarianism and obtained control over their citizens. This action by the government compares to the massacre of the Holocaust, which portrayed the act of totalitarianism by aiming discriminationRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841029 Words   |  5 Pages Imagine a world where everything you knew had to be forgotten, and you knew nothing more then what was being told to you. In George Orwell’s book 1984 this is exactly the case. Winston Smith, a m iddle aged man, lives a life already planned for him. Smith works at the Ministry of Truth rewriting the news and other articles to follow the teachings of Big Brother. Big Brother is the leader of Oceania, one of three world powers, and aims to rewrite the past to control the present. Oceania is separatedRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst civilizations of mankind, yet it is difficult find one that is perfect even till today. George Orwell shows an example of this within 1984. 1984 was written based on what Orwell thought the government would be like in 1984. He used his personal knowledge and experience with the government to create his story. The setting of 1984 is set in a superstate where there is a totalitarian government. Within 1984 and the 21st century one major key stands out: corruption rules both governments. Trust isRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841026 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1984, by George Orwell violence contributed to the plot by having three stages of reintegration. The stages are to learn, understand, and to accept, Winston was forced to learn that 2+2=5 under torture, understanding that the party is good, and seeks power for its own. Winston accepts and understands the Party and Big Brother as soon as Winston wishes the burden of torture on someone else who he loves, and to learn that Big Brother is eternal and that 2+2=5, Winston then is committed and loyalRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1122 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom. A growing debate concerning Orwell’s 1984 relevancy is quickly on the rise. Orwell’s fear of a totalitarian society led him to write this book as he lived during the totalitarian movement in Russia. The fear of a totalitarian society spreading sparked his fear and wrote this book to make people understand that it is not benef icial to society. I feel that with the the National Security Agency in the United States, the issue and relevancy of 1984 has never been higher. The public is discovering

George Trump And Martin Luther King Jr. Essay - 1644 Words

Politicians and government institutions have been around for over thousands of years. Such organizations and public figures hold tremendous value to society and the individuals within those societies, usually exercising great influence in how local, state and federal government conduct business. Their role as political figures in a democracy is to represent the mass public in different issues, and in order to conveyconvince? their audience to support a particular matter they use various tools such as diction, tone, and appealing to one’s ethos, pathos, and logos. A series of variables (including audience, purpose, and situation) influence the approach a politician takes in order to communicate their ideas to the public. While Hilary Clinton, Donald Trump and Martin Luther King Jr. appeal to different audiences based on their purpose and the situation, they also share some similarities in how they carefully build their rhetoric. Hilary Clinton, Donald Trump, and Martin Luther King Jr., carefully build their rhetoric differently from one another based on audience, situation, and purpose. Yet, they also share some similarities on the aspects they try to appeal to the public. Hilary Clinton, current Democratic Presidential Nominee, used a variety of literary tools in her acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention. When listening to her speech one will notice will notice the strong development of pathos and ethos in order to appeal to her audience’s emotions. SheShow MoreRelatedCivil Disobedience, By Henry David Thoreau1650 Words   |  7 Pageswould to obey. I should feel as if I were worth less in that case† (Thoreau, 1849). Thoreau’s ideas inspired Gandhi to lead a nonviolent rebellion against the British in India, Mandela to lead a rebellion against South African Apartheid, and Martin Luther King, Jr., to lead the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. And although the controlling forces often continued to control for years, the resisters gained strength in their resistance. Again and again, historical and recent examples demonstrate thatRead MoreFreedom : Freedom Of Speech And Freedom Of Speech1167 Words   |  5 Pag esGeorge Guay CIV ESSAY TWO OUTLINE: One of the most complex things in establishing in a government is determining how much freedom the citizens in a society has. Throughout history we have seen many different type of governments that include North Koreas’ dictatorship to the United States that has a government based on principles of democracy. In societies that have democratic governments such as the United States, England, France, and many other western European countries, the citizens haveRead MoreThe Lorax Allusions2105 Words   |  9 Pagesresilience and changing the world. He like Martin Luther King Jr. stood up for what is right and was not afraid of consequences. Ted fought against the biggest company in his town to get real trees back into the public eyes. Ted started out on his quest, individual, and soon more people in his community joined him. Ted s goal was showing people that nature and the trees are something to care for and not destroy or replace with fake ones. Martin Luther King Jr. quest was equal rights in the Civil RightRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin, By Harriet Beecher Stowe1381 Words   |  6 PagesHarriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1852, the poet Langston Hughes called the novel, â€Å"the most cussed and discussed book of its time.† Hughes’s observation is particularly apt in that it avoids any mention of the novel’s literary merit. George Orwell famously called it â€Å"the best bad book of the age.† Uncle Tom’s Cabin is arguably no Pride and Prejudice or Scarlet Letter. Leo Tolstoy is one of the few critics who praise it unabashedly, calling Uncle Tom’s Cabin a model of the â€Å"highest type†Read MoreLeadership : The Great Man Theory And The Trait Theory Essay1566 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders are born, not made, as the traits of leadership are intrinsic. When the theory was conceived in the 1840’s, the available examples of leadership that were widely known were the great leaders. E arly civilization tended to be feudal, relying on a King to keep the structure of society. Empires with powerful leading individuals rose and fell one after another, with leaders fighting for the most power and influence. Using the Great Man theory, an interesting perspective can be taken on the rise ofRead MoreRelations Between China And The United States1794 Words   |  8 Pagespolitical and strategic issues. Regular high-frequency visits and exchanges between the two countries have increased lately. Prime Minister Modi and President Obama had even established a hotline between PMO and the U.S White House. Now with Donald Trump being the elected president of the United States, this relationship between the two countries will get new dimensions. OBJECTIVE The main thrust of this paper is to present the India-US relations statistically using regression and see the importanceRead MoreHow Trump s Newest Cabinet Members Could Be The Horsemen Of A Facist America1915 Words   |  8 PagesAlong for the Ride: How Trump’s newest Cabinet members could be the Horsemen of a Facist America. †¨ Two weeks ago, President-Elect Donald Trump made appointments for what are considered to be some of the most important and influential cabinet positions of any White House administration: Attorney General, Director of the CIA, the National Security Advisor, the U.N.   And just like President-Elect Trump’s unanticipated election to the country’s highest office, the appointments are equally just as startlingRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Anti Semitic Conspiracy With The Black Community Essay2021 Words   |  9 Pagesof the American Nazi Party, George Lincoln Rockwell, only 20 years later, in 1966. White Power, which is better described as a laundry list of accusations than an argument or ideology, references Blackness over 600 times, more than half as often as it references Jewishness. The second, I will argue, is that The Protocols, and the American Black-Jewish conspiracy which they set up, represent the foundation for the current right-wing political coalition under Donald Trump. The makeup of the modern AmericanRead MoreSoc Test9122 Words   |  37 Pages10 points Question 2 This early sociologist helped to found the NAACP and was himself a prominent Black sociologist. Answer W.E.B. DuBois Booker T. Washington Jesse Martin Donald Black George Herbert Mead 10 points Question 3 Kevin views society as a system of interrelated parts, while Patrick views society as composed of groups competing for scarce resources. Kevin would be considered a _____Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesJonelle Roth, Michigan State University Philip Roth, Clemson University Dale Rude, University of Houston Holly Schroth, University of California at Berkeley Jody Tolan, University of Southern California Debra Schneck, Indiana University Marilyn Wesner, George Washington University Over the last editions this text has grown stronger with the contribution and feedback of the following instructors: David Abramis, California State University Chris Adalikwu, Concordia College Basil Adams, Notre Dame de

Training and Development in Banking Sector †Research Articles Free Essays

string(78) " and the correlation of such training programs with job satisfaction is high\." 12 Extent of training in Banks and its Impact on employees motivation and involvement in job Muhammad Farhan Akhtar, Khizer Ali, Miss Shama Sadaqat, Shoaib Hafeez M. Com, Hailey College of Commerce, University of The Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lhr. , Pakistan. We will write a custom essay sample on Training and Development in Banking Sector – Research Articles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Abstract Banking sector of Pakistan is characterized by the high competition and in order to survive in the market place, employers have understood the need for ongoing training and development to equip their employee to better cope up with the demands of the dynamic environment today. This study seek to determine the impact of this training and development on motivation and job involvement along with what training methods are widely used in the banking sector of Pakistan. The primary data for this study was collected through a structured questionnaire that was tailored with the help of literature. The questionnaire comprised of 37 items, categorized into 5 sections, which are general perspective, motivation, job involvement, training development and demographics. Survey was carried outon public and private banks of Pakistan (Punjab region). With the support of SPSS,Co-relation and regression analysis was conducted to generate results. We found that training and development has a positive association with both motivation and job involvement of the employees of banks in Pakistan. Moreover, job instructional training and informal learning are widely used techniques to impart the knowledge towards the employees in banking sector. These findings suggest that by boosting the training and development activities within the banking sector the employees could be motivated and get attached with their work. Keywords: Motivation, Training, Job Involvement, Banks 1. 0 Introduction With the extensive competition , greater demand for providing better product and services, continuously changing in technology and business environment in commercial banking sector demanding more than ever in the past the emphasis on trained employees in order to meet the equirements of the customer and the business survival, banking industry now calling for up to date/latest and broader banking knowledge, skills, abilities for maintaining their existence and growth, which demand for the proper and effective training to the employees. There are so many situations where service can fall between the cracks. Is the representative at the information desk trained to find a replacement while she is away for a few minutes? No? There goes another cus tomer who doesn’t want to wait. (I know. I ve been there). Is the guard at the door trained to direct customers to the right people or does he curtly wave them over to wait at the end of the line at the Information Desk when he could have sent them to the platform person who opens accounts? Do you really think that the employees are well versed with the etiquettes, cultural norms, customer psychology? If you answered no to any of these questions about training, then money is walking out the door and you are certainly losing customers which are fuel of your business. Without the fuel you cannot run the train of your business. Due to the cutthroat competition, increased inclination of consumers towards quality oriented products and services, more customer orientation, rapid technological advancements resulting in COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 793 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 methodical alterations and an ever changing business environment signifies, more than ever, the need of training the employees in the banking industry of Pakistan. This research paper serves the purpose of acknowledging the need and importance of training to the bank employees in Pakistan. And whether the training really impacts the employees’ performance and contributes to the productivity. 2. 0 Literature review So many studies are available on the subject, which seek to determine the impact of training on the motivation and commitment. Some are provided hereafter: Cooper et al. (1989) found a positive relationship between training programs and employees job involvement. He argued that if there are some recognitions and financial benefits for the high performers at the training programs, the feelings of reciprocity emerges in the high performing employees as well as in other ones which motivate them to extend themselves in many ways such as adapting new skills, knowledge and competencies which ultimately leads to improved organizational performance. Miller et al. (1996)examined the need and impact of training and development on the service sector employees is widely discussed topic in the literature. The literature review targets the trade journals, text books and various magazines that contain the information on training and development. Training needs assessment is the first step of an organization s training and development program. It identify the needs or performance requirements of the organization_ it determines whether there is gap between the actual performance and the standard performance set by the organization and if there is any discrepancy between the two, then training is required. After the needs assessment, the training objectives are determined . i. e. who needs training and what training is needed. Then the training is designed and implemented accordingly. At the end it isdetermined whether the training objectives were met. The evaluation system includes identifying participant reactions to the training process, how much participants learned and how well the participants transfer the training back on their respective jobs_ if employees subsequent performance would be better than the previous, then it can be said that the training has a positive impact(most of the time) on employees performance otherwise not Hughey and Mussnug (1997) found a positive correlation between the employee training and employee job satisfaction. Today, every organization provide some type of training to their employees after some intervals. Some companies provide formal trainings such as initial and ongoing training programs, some hire outside training consultants according to their requirements. So motivation for implementing training programs varies from company to company. A very few organizations provide effective trainings to their employees in order to improve their knowledge, abilities and skills, and the correlation of such training programs with job satisfaction is high. You read "Training and Development in Banking Sector – Research Articles" in category "Free Research Paper Samples" On theother hand , some companies provide trainings to meet health and safety regulations and some firms provide training only for appearance sake and the correlation of such type of trainings with motivation is not so high. Dowswell (1998) concluded that lack of time, growing age and other practical constraints demotivated the employees during the training. He found a negative correlation between training and motivation for aging employees and managers. He argued that the aging workers always want to maintain the status quo and if they are bound to adapt new skills and competencies through training, then their motivation levels decrease. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 794 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Lester (1999) said: Professionals must relearn and retrain to maintain the relevance of their skills . In this statement, he argued that changing nature of the corporate environment encourages the managers and employees to continuously relearn and retain new skills, knowledge and competencies in order to keep them up to date. He found a positive correlation between the training and the highest prior level of education gained which increase the employee motivation. He concluded that if employees perform well on the training and subsequent to the training, if they perceive that they have learnt something new which would be an enhancement in their CVs as well as beneficial for them to capture the future opportunities, then their motivation and involvement towards their jobs increase. Stephenson (1999) concluded that there are two basic factors which are very crucial to be present in the employees in this new changing economy i. . ability to learn and adapt and understanding of the new corporate environment which can be utilized by the corporations through continuous training programs in order to increase their motivation as well as involvement towards their jobs. He argued that continuous training and professional development is not a luxury but a necessity of today s changing economy, as employees can bette r understand that in order to cope with the changing corporate environment and to exploit the future job opportunities training programs are very useful to make them up to date. So most of the time there is a positive correlation between training and professional development programs and the motivation of employees. Gregory (2001) concluded that training has a great impact on employee s subsequent job performance and the lack of training and development results in managers not familiar with the task requirements as well as the core competencies such as knowledge, skills and abilities which managers must possess to perform well the organization s tasks, as a result their performance as well as motivation level decrease. He suggested that the managers in service organizations must be knowledgeable in all newer functions that apply to their departments so that overall organizational objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently in accordance with the new demands posses by the corporate environment.. A descriptive study conducted by a group of researchers. Roscoe (2002) said: No professional completes their initial training equipped to practice competently for the rest of their life . He argued that corporate environment is changing day by day and in order to cope with the level of changes, organizations implement various dynamic processes including the training programs which subsequently increase the motivation levels of employees as after the training process most of the employees seek promotions to higher level jobs which is the main cause of motivation. Garavan et al. (2003) found that training process is a more job oriented that can change employee attitudes and behaviors that motivate them to increase their knowledge and understanding of the job according to the dynamic corporate environment. Another researcher (Manu, 2004) suggested the desirable techniques and models which may prevent the failure of a training program. In this study, it is concluded that the organizations should choose those models of training and development that successfully fit into the organization s culture. Needs of training and essential business skills should be carefully assessed. Then appropriate managerial techniques as well as the comprehensive plans or models should be implemented for the effective training and development program in order to motivate the employees, reduce the performance gaps and achieve the organizational goals effectively. Mathieson (2006) found a positive relationship between the training programs in which managers are participatively involved in setting the training design motivation of employees. He argued that everyone should be involved in the journey of training program as in this way employees feel ownership of the process which add value to their performance which in return motivate them to COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 795 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 eliver the tangible organizational improvements. Morag Mathieson is the training and development manager at the Glenmorangie Company, Broxburn, West Lothian,Uk _ He said that the company s key objective is to design the training programs which fully utilize the employee s potential and motivate the employees to continuously adapt the new skills and competencies according to the changing corporate environment. He suggested that mana gement buy-in to training and development through bottom-up-approach can be used for this purpose. Khattaket al. 2010) suggests that training and development is directly related with successful performance of managers, organizations and nations. The countries which spend more on training and development of human resources are relatively more developed as human resources contribute to productivity more than physical and other resources but there is a problem, population growth is inversely related with human capital investment, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan, so it should be controlled in order to spend more on training and development of human resources that make the more employees to get involved in their jobs and ncrease their subsequent performance A Questionnaire survey conducted on 1000 top companies of Malaysia where (Jamil Som, 2007) concluded that changing nature of today s corporate environment and the intense global competition where consumers demand m ore quality services require the organizations to continuously train their human resources in order to maintain market competitiveness and business survival. The researchers argued that ad-hoc training approaches and the training programs without proper analysis leads to poor training investments, so three levels of analysis(individual, organizational and operational) as well as the multiple data collection methods and techniques should be used to analyze the training needs in order to effectively design and implement the training programs for motivating the employees and achieving the organizational goals more efficiently. Murphy et al. 2006) concluded that there is positive correlation between training programs and employee s motivation. He argued that are certain set of factors which motivate the managers and employees to continuously adapt new skills and competencies according to the today s changing environment and also increase their subsequent motivation level. These motivators may include improving the confidence level and self esteem, higher levels of career satisfaction as well as more future promotion opportunities for those wh o show improved subsequent performance. He also identified some barriers in the way of training to motivation which may include lack of employer s financial support recognition as well as insufficient knowledge about the training program. He suggested that the organizations should remove such barriers and promotes the motivators in order to effectively implement the training, obtain the required outcomes and subsequently increases employee s motivation and involvement towards their jobs. According to (Longenecker, 2010), there is a positive relationship between training programs and employee motivation which make the employees more involved in their jobs and subsequently results in better performance and productivity both for the employees as well as for the organizations. He argued that the organizations which want to attain long-term suitable results, spent huge amounts on training programs in order to make the employees up to date according to the dynamic corporate environment. He also added that employees can t improve their performance if they don t know about the need for change, so it is the responsibility of the supervisors to make the employees aware about the need for training in order to motivate them and obtain the desired outcomes. Adomi (2006) found that there is a positive relationship between training i. e. job rotation and employee motivation. He adopted survey method for the study in which he used questionnaire as data collection instrument. He argued that training programs such as job rotation reduce the COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 96 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 boredom of the jobs and increase the motivation through diversification of the tasks. Employees get motivation and learn new skills through training which make them to have a broader view of the jobs in the organizations in which they work and in this way performance and productivity of both employees as well as the organizations tend to improve. Kushnir, Ehrenfeld and Shalish (2006) argued that there is a positive relationship between training programs i. e. oaching and motivation of employees. He used self report measures as research instrument and compared the experimental study ( graduates who got training ) with the control group ( graduates who didn t get training ) and found that training increased employee motivation, self-efficacy and professional performance among coaches but not in control groups. He also added that training enhances the professional development skills of coaches which make them to perform the complex job tasks easily and to get the desired outcomes for the organizations in which they work. Amorose and Butcher (2006) found that there is a positive relationship between training programs i. e. coaching and self determined motivation. He used cross-sectional survey method for the study during the training sessions. He argued that importance of the training programs is obvious as a lot of training factors such as perceived training needs, autonomy as well as sense of relatedness with the training programs affect the motivational outcomes. He also added that performance related feed-back as well as different type of rewards are provided to the employees on the basis of training evaluation which make the employees motivated and enhance their performance which subsequently results in increased productivity and performance of the organizations. 3. 0 Research Methodology 3. 1 Method: We conducted survey questionnaire for the collection of data in our study. The questionnaire consists of total five sections. First section shows the general prospective of training and development on employees. Second section tells about the impact of training and development on motivation of employees. Third section shows the relationship between job involvement and training and development. Fourth section depicts the type of training and development mostly used by banks. Finally, Last section tells the demographics of the respondents. 3. 2 Sample: We take the sample of 100 questionnaires for our study. The respondents of questionnaire are from different bank employees in Punjab region. We selected all types of banks including public banks and private banks. In private banks, we divided the banks also in Islamic banks and conventional banks. The respondents are of all age level with their respective experience level. The questionnaire used in this study is reported in Appendix-I 3. 3 Hypothesis: The study seeks to reveal the causal relationships between the following: H1: There is positive relationship between Motivation and Training and Development. H2: There is positive relationship between Job Involvement and Training and Development. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 797 ijcrb. ebs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS 4. 0 Statistical results 4. 1 Demographics Table 4. 1 Type of Bank and Nature of Bank Nature of Bank Conventional Count Type of Bank Public Private Total 21 73 94 Islamic Count 0 6 6 APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Total Count 21 79 100 Table 4. 1 shows the Type of bank and Nature of Bank taken in study. Type of bank consists of Public Banks and Private Banks. Nature of bank consists of Conventional banks and Islamic banks. Public banks refer to those banks which are owned by the Government. Conventional Banks are bank which use typical methods of banking. Islamic Banks are those banks whose operations are according to Islamic rules and regulation. In our survey, in Public banks, 21 respondents are from Conventional banks and not a single respondent from Islamic banks. In private Sector, 73 respondents are from Conventional Banks and 6 respondents are from Islamic Banks. So in total, 21 respondents from Public banks and 79 respondents from Private Banks and total 94 respondents from Conventional Banks and 6 respondents from Islamic banks. Table 4. Level of Job with Gender and Qualification Qualification Graduation Count Level of Job Middle Level Gender Male Female Upper Level Gender Male Female Total Gender Male Female 18 6 3 0 21 6 Masters Count 48 9 13 1 61 10 Others Count 0 1 1 0 1 1 Total Count 66 16 17 1 83 17 Table 4. 2 depicts the respondent s level of Job into Higher level employees and Lower level employees, in which 66 male and 16 female respondents are from Mi ddle level employees and 17 male and 1 female respondent from higher level employees. From Gender prospective, out of total 100 respondents, 83 respondents are male and 17 respondents are female. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 798 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 From the Qualification point of view, 21 male and 6 female respondent have Graduation s qualification and 61 male and 10 female respondent have Master s qualification and 1 male and 1 female respondents have other qualification Table 4. 3 Experience, Experience with current job and Age N Experience Experience with current job Age Valid N (list wise) 98 87 95 85 Minimum 0 0 18. 00 Maximum 36 36 58. 00 Mean 8. 62 5. 7 32. 9053 Std. Deviation 8. 445 5. 963 8. 86311 Table 4. 3 shows the respondents Experience level, Experience with current job and respondents Age. Out of 100 respondents, 98 respondents respond to Experience answer with 0 and 36 years of minimum and maximum experience respectively. The mean value of experience employees is 8. 63 and standard deviation is 8. 445. Experience with current job respon d by 87 respondents whose minimum experience to current job is 0 years and maximum experience to current job is 36 years. The mean and standard deviation of experience with current job is 5. 7 and 5. 963 respectively. Total 95 respondents give their age answer in with minimum age employee is 18 years with no experience and maximum age is 58 with 36 years of experience. The mean age of respondent is 32. 9053 and standard deviation is 8. 86311. 4. 2 Motivation: Table 4. 4 Model fitness for training and development and motivation Model Sum of df Mean square Square 1 Regression Residual Total F Sig. 10. 964 25. 670 36. 654 1 97 96 10. 964 . 265 41. 507 .000 The above table shows the overall fitness of the model and F stat of 41. 07 indicates that our model is good fit at 0% level of significance while the Sum of Square and Mean Square of model regression is 10. 964 and The Residual sum of Square is 25. 670 with a Mean Square of 0. 265 and a total Sum of Square of model is 36. 654. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 799 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Table 4. 5 Regression results for training and development and motivation Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients coefficients Model B Std. Beta t Error 1 (constant) Training and Development 1. 42 . 602 . 382 . 093 . 547 3. 511 6. 443 APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Sig. .001 . 000 This table shows the relationship between motivation and Training and Development. The results depict that Training and Development has 54. 7% positive impact on the motivation level of employees with regard to their job and this relationship is significant at 0% level of significance. Table 4. 6: Model Summary for training and development and motivation Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate Change Statistics R Square Change F Change df1 df2 Siq. F Change 1 .547 .300 .292 .51443 .300 1. 507 1 97 .000 Table 4. 6: The value of R for the model between the Motivation and Training and Development is 0. 547 and the value of R square for the model is 0. 300. The Adjusted R square for the Motivation and Training and Development is 0. 292. The Model Standard Error of the Estimate is 0. 51443. The model significance is 100%. The value of adjusted R square is . 292 that shows that out of total, 29. 2% variation in the motivation is explained by the training and development. 4. 3 Job Involvement: Table 4. 7 Model fitness for training and development and job involvement Model Regression Residual Total Sum of Square 5. 570 35. 057 40. 627 df 1 96 99 Mean Square 5. 570 . 358 F 15. 570 Siq. .000 The above table shows the overall fitness of the model and F stat of 15. 507 indicates that our model is good fit at 0% level of significance while the Sum of Square and Mean Square of model regression is 5. 570 and The Residual sum of Square is 35. 057 with a Mean Square of 0. 358 and a total Sum of Square of model is 40. 627. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 800 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Table 4. Regression results for training and development and job involvement Unstandardized Coefficients Model B 1 (constant) Training and development 2. 330 . 428 Std. Error . 444 . 108 . 370 Beta Standardized coefficients t APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Siq. 5. 250 3. 946 . 000 . 000 This table shows the relationship between Job Involvement and Training and Development. The results depict that Training and Development has 37. 0% positive impact on the Job Involvement level of employees with regard to their job and this relationship is significant at 0% level of significance. Table 4. 9: Model Summary for training and development and job involvement Change Statistics Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate R Square Change . 137 F Change df1 df2 Siq. F Change 1 .370 .137 .128 .59610 15. 570 1 96 .000 Table 4. 9: The value of R for the model between the Job Involvement and Training and Development is 0. 370 and the value of R square for the model is 0. 137. The Adjusted R square for the Job Involvement and Training and Development is 0. 128. The Model Standard Error of the Estimate is 0. 59610. The model significance is 100%. Table 4. 10: shows the types of training methods result N Job instruction Informal Learning Coaching Special Tasks Job Rotation Case Studies Seminars Lectures Valid N (listwise) 99 100 90 91 91 99 99 100 89 Mean 4. 0808 3. 5600 3. 3889 3. 2306 3. 1538 3. 1414 3. 1212 2. 9900 Std. Deviation 1. 03684 1. 02809 1. 09846 1. 33397 1. 16355 1. 22899 1. 24763 1. 15902 COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 801 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Table 4. shows the mostly used types of training and development methods in banks, in which 99 out of 100 respondents give job instruction method the highest rank with the mean of 4. 0808 and standard deviation of 1. 03684. Second most widely used method is informal learning having mean and standard deviation of 3. 5600 and 1. 02809 respectively. 90 respondents give coaching training method on the third important level. Mean of Coaching in results is 3. 3889 and standard deviation is 1. 09846. 91 respondents gives special tasks average rating with the mean of 3. 2306 and its standard deviation is 1. 33397. Job rotation has the mean value of 3. 1538 and standard deviation 1. 16355 by the 91 respondents. Case studies get the values of 3. 1414 and 1. 22899 of mean and standard deviation respectively. At the end, Seminars and Lectures get the lowest numbers by respondents of mean 3. 1212 and 2. 9900 respectively and standard deviation is 1. 24763 and 1. 15902. 5. 0 Conclusion Training for employees of an organization is considered very much important in order to achieve excellence and competence. But does training plays any other role besides providing learning and equipping the employees with demanding competencies? Surely it does as indicated that training has a positive impact on both motivation and job involvement. There are certain limitations of the study as the sample size is 100, which is too small a large scale study would provide more reliability to the study. This study however, clearly emphasizes the need and importance of the training on the employees in the banking sector characterized by low morale due to high work stress. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 802 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS References APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Anglin, G. M. (2001). Company officer training and development – Maintaining consistency in dynamic environment , National Fire Academy, pp. 1-39. Dowswell, C. , Hewison, J. and Hinds, M. (1998), Motivational forces affecting participation inpost-registration degree courses and effects on home and work-life: a qualitative study ,Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28 (6), pp. 1326-33. Garavan, T. N. , Hogan, C. and Cahir-O Donnell, A. (2003), Making Training and DevelopmentWork: A Best Practice Guide, Dublin, Oak Tree Press. Hughey, A. W. , Mussnug, K. J. (1997). Designing effective employee training programmes. Training for Quality , 5 (2), pp. 52 57. Jamil, R. , Md. Som, H. (2007). Training Needs Analysis : Practices of Top Companies in Malaysia. International Review of Business Research Papers , 3 (3), 162-175. Khattak, M. A. , Bashir, F. , Qureshi, T. M. (2010). â€Å"Training and Development paradigm, and its contribution in economic uplift of the country, A case from Pakistan†, 12th International Business Research Conference, pp. 1-16. Lester, S. 1999), Professional bodies, CPD and informal learning: the case for conservation ,Continuous Professional Development, 2(4), pp. 11-121. Manu, J. S. (2004). â€Å"Training and development techniques for improving organizational performance for Ghanaian firms†. The Graduate School, University of Wisconsin-Stout , pp. 143. Mathieson, M. (2006). Improving organisational performance through developing our people , Industrial and commercial traini ng , 38 (2), 70-77. Miller A. J. , SPHR, Osinski M. D. , SPHR. (1996), Training needs assessment Murphy, C. , Cross, C. , McGuire, D. (2006). The motivation of nurses to participate in continuing professional education in Ireland. Journal of European Industrial Training , 6 (5), 365-384. Roscoe, J. (2002), Continuing professional development in higher education , Human ResourceDevelopment International, 5(1), pp. 3-9. Rusbult, C. , Farrell, D. , Rogers, G. and Mainus, A. (1988), Impact of exchange variables on exit,voice loyalty and neglect: an integrative model of responses to declining job satisfaction ,Academy of Management Journal, 31, pp. 599-627. Stephenson, J. (1999), Corporate Capability: Implications for the Style and Direction ofworkbased learning , National Centre for Vocational Education Research COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 803 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Withey, M. and Cooper, W. (1989), Predicting, exit, voice, loyalty and neglect , AdministrativeScience Quarterly, 34, pp. 521-39. COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 804 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Appendix I APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 Questionnaire: Dear Sir/Madam, I am a student of M. Com at Hailey College of Commerce. The following research is part of our degree program and conducted for purely academic purposes. The purpose of research is to find out the Extent of Training in banks and its impact on Employees Motivation and Involvement in Job. All the information collected through the questionnaire will be used only for contribution to knowledge and kept secret/confidential. Please ensure that you mark all the given statements as incomplete responses will not fulfill researcher s requirements. General Perspective 1) Strongly Disagree (2) Disagree (3) Indifferent (4) Agree (5) Strongly Agree In my opinion, Training must be part of every employee s Job 1 2 3 In my opinion, Training must be provided on regular basis. 1 2 3 My organization considers the training program important for the employees 1 2 3 The training used by the organization is effective. 1 2 3 I am satisfied with the training program offered by the organization. 1 2 3 The training program is helpful in personal development. 1 2 3 The training program is helpful in professional development 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Motivation 1) Strongly Disagree (2) Disagree (3) Indifferent (4) Agree (5) Strongly Agree I have a generally positive attitude toward those holding positions of authority over me. I enjoy competition and striving to win for myself and my work group. I like to tell others what to do and have no problem with imposing sanctions to enforce my directives. I like being active, assertive, and protecting the members of the work group. I enjoy the idea of standing out from the group, behaving in a unique manner, and being highly visible. I am willing to perform routine, day-to-day administrative tasks and duties. 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 Job Involvement (1) Strongly Disagree (2) Disagree (3) Slightly Disagree (4) Slightly Agree (5) Agree (6) Strongly Agree The most important things th at can happen to me is to get involved in my present job. To me, my job is only a small part of who I am. I am very much involved personally in my job. I live, eat, and breathe my job. Most of my interests are centered around my job. I have very strong ties with my present job which would be very difficult to break. Usually I feel detached from my job. 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 805 ijcrb. webs. com INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Most of my personal life goals are job oriented. I consider my job to be very central to my existence. I like to be absorbed in my job most of the time. 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 APRIL 2011 VOL 2, N O 12 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 The Type of Training Used by the Organization (1) Never (2) sometimes (3) Mostly (4) Often (5) Always COACHING (a senior guides the junior or new entrant) JOB ROTATION (Systematically the trainee is moved from one place to another) SPECIAL TASKS (Assigning tasks to employees to increase their knowledge base) LECTURES (Lectures on specific issues and topics) SEMINARS (Experts from outside organization are called to discuss specific issues) CASE STUDIES (Written material is provided regarding organization problems and events) INFORMAL LEARNING (Colleagues and friends discuss matters informally) JOB INSTRUCTIONS (Written instructions are provided regarding procedures) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Type of Bank ——— O Public O Private O O Nature of Bank —— O Conventional O Islamic O O Level of Job ———- O Middle Level O Top Level O O Experience (in Years) ______________ Experience with Current Job (in years) ______________ Qualification ——- O Graduation O Masters O Others O O O _____________________ Age (in Years) _________________________ Gender —- –O Male O O O THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR TIME AND COOPERATION Female COPY RIGHT  © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 806 How to cite Training and Development in Banking Sector – Research Articles, Essays

Brian Olson OLSON 1 Essay Example For Students

Brian Olson OLSON 1 Essay Brian OlsonOLSON 1Professor John HughesENC 1102December 3, 1996Life, like The great GatsbyImagine that you live in the nineteen twenties, and that you are a very wealthy manthat lives by himself in a manchine, on a lake and who throws parties every weekend. Thisis just the beginning of how to explain the way Jay Gatsby lived his life. This novel, by F. Scott, Fitzgerald is one that is very deep in thought. Fitzgerald releases little clues alongthe way of the novel that will be crusual to understand the ending. For instance, hemakes the blue coupe a very important clue, as well as the Dr. T. J. Eckleburg eyes on thebillboard that Mr. Wilson (the gas station attendant ) refers to as the eyes of god. Thereare also other little things that relate to the reason of gatsbys death. The maincharacters of this novel each have their part to do with the ending, Nick Caraway isprobably the main character of this novel, as he comes down from New Jersey to newYork to visit his cousin Daisy, who is married to Tom Buchannan. These are some of theincidents that are included in the novel as you will read further I will relate some issues ofthe novel, as well as other critics have included their views on The Great Gatsby. F. Scott, Fitsgerald was an American short story writer and novelist famous forhis depictions of the Jazz Age(the 1920s), his most brilliant novel work being The GreatGatsby(1925). He was born in St. Paul, Minnesota on sept. 24, 1896 and died inHollywood, California on December 21, 1940. His private life, with his wife, Zelda, inboth America and France, became almost as celebrated as his novels. Fitsgerald was theonly son of an aristocrat father, who was the author of the star spangle banner. Fitzgeraldspent most of time with his wife, latter in their relationship they moved to france where hebegan to write his most brilliant novel, The Great Gatsby. All of his divided nature is inthis novel, the native midwestener afir with the possibilities of every Americans dream in OLSON 2its hero, Jay Gatsby, and the compassionate princeton gentlemen in its narrator, NickCarraway. The Great Gatsby is the most profoundly American novel of its time(Houghton). Fitzgerald had an intensely romantic imagination, what he once called aheightened sensitivity to the promises of life, and he rushed into experience determined torealize those promises. Latter on in Fitzgeralds life, he started to drink very heavily andbecame very unhappy. In 1930 his wife had a mental breakdown and in 1932 another,from which she never recovered. With its failure and his despair over Zelda, Fitzgeraldwas close to becoming an incurable alcoholic. He surpassed becoming an alcoholicthough, and moved out west to become a Hollywood screenwriter were he met his newwife Sheilah Graham, but he never forgot about Zelda and his daughterScotti. (Johnson, 384). The Great Gatsby is an excellent review on how fitzgerald preceived his life to be,in the same sense that he also was very wealthy. Gatsby, in this novel is the mistirieswealthy man that lives in the big house across the lake from Tom and Daisy Buchanann. There would always be some type of party going on at his house, but for some reason henever attended to them, he would always watch from his window. Nick Caraway isDaisys cousin who comes to visit, Nick needs a place to stay, so he finds an ad for aguest cottage that Mr. Jay Gatsby owns. After Nick has moved in Jay and Nick becomepretty close friends. Jordan has always wondered who The Great Gatsby was, so sheuses Nick to find out more about him. As the story goes on, there are some odd thingsthat Fitsgerald relates to the story as important things. These important things make youreally think about what it means to the story. The Automobile in The Great Gatsby is avery big topic for the conclution of the story. What we have in The G reat Gatsby is acreative manipulation of the automobile as symbol and image to accomplish a variety ofends (OMeara, 74).OMeara goes on to say that when Fitzgerald accentuatesmechanism and minimizes aesthetics, he depersonalizes vehicles and underscores the OLSON 3behavior of their drivers. The existing criticism on automobiles in The Great Gatsbyusually centers on one or the other of these two functions.(OMeara, 75). The result ofthe car is that it ends up killing Myrtle. Kenneth and Irving Saposnik discuss theautomobile imagery from a technological standpoint. Knodt asserts that all of the novel symbols of technology automobiles, trains, and telephones are connected withdestruction and evil (Saposnik, 131). I believe in this theory, that vehicles are a result evilin almost every movie. In this case the evil is the Blue Coupe sedan that ends up killingMyrtle. The other thing that sticks out to me is the billboard that has the two eyes on itwith glasses. This board is referred to M r. Wilson as the eyes of god, he believes that theycan see everything and when the car ends up killing his wife Myrtle, he tells people thatgod saw what happened. A footnote for the line in Andrew Turnnbulls edition of TheLetters of F. Scott Fitzgerald(1963)describes the dust jacket as showing two huge eyes,intended to be those of Daisy Fay, brooding over New York City, and this had beenFitsgerald s inspiration for the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg(Turnbull, 166). The brief exegesis examines the imagery of cats and dogs in Scott Fitzgeralds jazzage novel, The Great Gatsby. Toward the end of the novel, Nick Caraway refers to thehot summer days on Long Island as dog-days(Kehul, 118). John Kehul goes on tomention that many of the characters in the novel are portrayed in canine terms. Theycynically, in the sense of the Greek root kynikos, meaning dog-like. Their bites,particularly in relationship to the main character, Gatsby, become worse then theirbarks. In contrast to this canine eleme nt, Gatsby has a heightened sensitivity(120). In The Great Gatsby I did notice a lot of the characters mentioning dogs or phrasing oneanother as you old dog you,. Myrtle mentions to Tom (the man she is having an affairwith) that she would like a dog. I believe that Fitzgerald resembles these dogs as a symbolof affection. Canine imagery first appears in chapter one, when Nick casually tells thereader that he once owned a dog. He lists his possessions: an old dodge, a finish woman OLSON 4who cooks and cleans for him, and his dog. I had a dogat least I had him a few daysuntil he ran away(124). Almost forty years after the book was written, ErnestHemmingway recalls Fitzgerald giving him a copy of The Great Gatsby: It had a garishdust jacket and I remember being embarrassed by the violence, bad taste and slippery lookof it. It looked like the book jacket for a book of bad science fiction. Scott told me not tobe put of by it, that it had to with a billboard along the highway in Long Islan d that wasimportant in the story. He said that he liked the jacket, but now how didnt like it. I tookit offto read the book (feast 176).According to Hemmingway, the cover of the bookonly had to do with the billboard and had already fallen out of favor with theauthor(179). I believe that the cover of The Great Gatsby is a unique one, in a way thatpeople really would believe things like that if they never had any type of religionbackground or were just messed up in the head. As I was explaining earlier in the paper about all the characters, I was mentioningthings about Nick Carraway. Nick Carraway is also the narrator of the novel, he isprobably they most sufficient character in the novel, meaning that he is always relayinginformation to others rather than getting involved in the mischief. What I mean is, that,the affairs between Tom and Myrtle, and Daisy and Gatsby. Nick knows just abouteverything about everyone and he is the newest person in town. I think that Fitzgerald putlike thi s because, Nick had no other meaning to the story if he didnt get involved withthe secrets that were going on. Near the end though, Nick is clueless as to what is goingon with Myrtle and Tom until the night of the accident when Myrtle runs out in front ofthe speeding yellow cadilac. Myrtle had thought that Tom was driving the car, and so shedashed in front of it because she wanted to leave with Tom and get away from herhusband that was not to rich or smart like Tom was.In The Great Gatsby, the fact thatthe billboard is only mentioned once or twice in the film, but it so crucial to how the resultof the ending is. Fitzgerald is trying to point out that this billboard is the point were OLSON 5everything takes place, like, the eyes looking down on the two cars going to party and thatthey are always looking at Mr. Wilson. When Mr. Wilsons wife (Myrtle) dies he is shockand is looking for answers to what happened. As OMeara points out earlier, cars are ameans of destruction and evil. In tw o cases this is true. One, being that big yellow cadilackilled Myrtle and two, the fact Tom is using his car as a medium of exchange for Mr. .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .postImageUrl , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:hover , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:visited , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:active { border:0!important; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:active , .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u221c0283d089d5a82fce7bc81203375e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drug abuse EssayWilsons wife and free gas. Mr. Wilson does not relize the fact that his wife is cheatingon him with Tom, the man he wants the car from. In all conclusion to The Great Gatsby, many little things in the novel weresubstantial to how the ending was to be. Fitzgerald had really related the billboard of Dr. T. J. Eckleburg that looked like owl eyes and referred to a the eyes of god by Mr. Wilsonwhen he talking to Tom. The other thing that sets the tone of this novel is the car. thiswas the murder weapon that killed Myrtle and was recognized by Mr. Wilson as the carthat Jay Gatsby was driving that night, which was result of the death of Mr. Jay Gatsby byno other than the man that looked at the owl eyes all day outside his gas station. Wellthe fact of living in the nineteen twenties and being a millionaire and throwing partiesevery weekend doesnt sound that bad, I just wouldnt want to be The Great Gatsby.